Em Origins

The technique used in em was developed at Syracuse University in 1986 by Rautio and Harrington [87, 88, 90]. It was originally developed as an extension of an analysis of planar waveguide probes [92]. The technique expresses the fields inside the box as a sum of waveguide modes and is thus closely related to the spectral domain approach.

The complete theory has been published in detail in peer reviewed journals. A full list of relevant papers is presented in Sonnet References.